The Etymologies of Isidore of Seville: Translation and Commentary on the Fourth Book of Medicine

In general, this research represents a new core within the study of medicine in the Latin language with a special focus on Isidore of Seville’s fourth book on Medicine, translates and comments on it. The study adopts the analytical approach as it is apt for its subject and matter. It is divided into three themes:
Theme one: Arabic translation from the original text.
Theme two: Grammatical commentary on some vocabulary.
Theme three: Figures of speech in the text.
It sheds some light on the structural and rhetorical perspectives of the text as like ὁμοιτέλευτον or like endings, ὁμοιοπρόφερον, i. e. alliteration or repetition of the same sound at the beginning of two or more stressed syllables. ἐπαναδίπλωσις, or repetition of the same word or clause after intervening matter. αὔξησις or ἐπαύξησις, i. e. the general term for exaggeration. ἀντίθεσις, which refers juxtapostion of opposing or contrasting ideas. συνεκδοχή or transfer, in which the exchange of one idea for another associated idea, πολυσύνδετον, which employs many conjunctions between clauses. μεσαρχία or beginning and middle repetition, μεσοτέλευτον or middle and end repetition, and Heterosis or exchange of accidence whether in tenses, pronouns, or in persons. ἀναστροφή in which the normal word order of the subject, the verb, and the object is changed. ὑπέρβατον which refers to adding a word or thought to a sentence. πολύπτωτος or repeating a word, but in a different form.